FHS: Filesystem Hierarchy Standard

bin: Short for binaries. Hosts the most basic apps and binaries. Ex: cat and ls functions live here.

sbin: System binaries.

boot: Contains everything an OS needs to live. Bootloader is found here.

cdrom: A legacy mounting place for cd-rom readers.

dev: This is where devices live. For examle, a hard drive can be found at dev/sda.

etc: Means et cetera. This folder stores all of your system wide configs, such as apt.

home: Each user has their own home folder. Personal files live here.

lib folders: Libraries are stored here. These are required for binaries found in bin and sbin.

media and mnt: These directories are where other mounted drives (USB drive etc.) are found.

opt: Optional folder. Other software are installed here.

proc: Contains pseudofiles that contains information for system processes. Every process has a folder here.

root: Root user’s home folder. Needs root permissions.

run: Runs in RAM. Everything is deleted when the system powers off.

snap: Snap packages are stored here.

srv: Service directory. Contains web server/FTP files if you host one.

sys: Hosts ephemeral system files, just like /run.

tmp: Temporary directory. It is usually emptied after reboot.

usr: User applications are installed here. Non-essential apps are found here. Essential goes to /bin or /sbin.

var: Variable directory. For example, /var/log contains log files.

 
 

 

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